Kejadian 1:6

1:6 God said, “Let there be an expanse ¹  in the midst of the waters and let it separate water ²  from water.

Kejadian 12:20

12:20 Pharaoh gave his men orders about Abram, ³  and so they expelled him, along with his wife and all his possessions.

Kejadian 21:6

21:6 Sarah said, “God has made me laugh. ⁴  Everyone who hears about this ⁵  will laugh ⁶  with me.”

Kejadian 31:5

31:5 There he said to them, “I can tell that your father’s attitude toward me has changed, ⁷  but the God of my father has been with me.

Kejadian 31:15

31:15 Hasn’t he treated us like foreigners? He not only sold us, but completely wasted ⁸  the money paid for us! ⁹ 

Kejadian 38:1

Judah and Tamar

38:1 At that time Judah left ¹⁰  his brothers and stayed ¹¹  with an Adullamite man ¹²  named Hirah.

Kejadian 42:5

42:5 So Israel’s sons came to buy grain among the other travelers, ¹³  for the famine was severe in the land of Canaan.

[1:6]  ¹ tn The Hebrew word refers to an expanse of air pressure between the surface of the sea and the clouds, separating water below from water above. In v. 8 it is called “sky.”

[1:6]  sn An expanse. In the poetic texts the writers envision, among other things, something rather strong and shiny, no doubt influencing the traditional translation “firmament” (cf. NRSV “dome”). Job 37:18 refers to the skies poured out like a molten mirror. Dan 12:3 and Ezek 1:22 portray it as shiny. The sky or atmosphere may have seemed like a glass dome. For a detailed study of the Hebrew conception of the heavens and sky, see L. I. J. Stadelmann, The Hebrew Conception of the World (AnBib), 37-60.

[1:6]  ² tn Heb “the waters from the waters.”

[12:20]  ³ tn Heb “him”; the referent (Abram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “Laughter God has made for me.”

[21:6]  ⁵ tn The words “about this” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[21:6]  ⁶ sn Sarah’s words play on the name “Isaac” in a final triumphant manner. God prepared “laughter” (צְחֹק, ysÿkhoq ) for her, and everyone who hears about this “will laugh” (יִצְחַק, yitskhaq ) with her. The laughter now signals great joy and fulfillment, not unbelief (cf. Gen 18:12-15).

[31:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “I see the face of your father, that he is not toward me as formerly.”

[31:15]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he devoured, even devouring.” The infinitive absolute (following the finite verb here) is used for emphasis.

[31:15]  sn He sold us and…wasted our money. The precise nature of Rachel’s and Leah’s complaint is not entirely clear. Since Jacob had to work to pay for them, they probably mean that their father has cheated Jacob and therefore cheated them as well. See M. Burrows, “The Complaint of Laban’s Daughters,” JAOS 57 (1937): 250-76.

[31:15]  ⁹ tn Heb “our money.” The word “money” is used figuratively here; it means the price paid for Leah and Rachel. A literal translation (“our money”) makes it sound as if Laban wasted money that belonged to Rachel and Leah, rather than the money paid for them.

[38:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “went down from.”

[38:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and he turned aside unto.”

[38:1]  ¹² tn Heb “a man, an Adullamite.”

[42:5]  ¹³ tn Heb “in the midst of the coming ones.”